使用方法
要为智能体添加长期记忆,请创建一个存储并将其传递给create_agent:
- InMemoryStore
- PostgreSQL
from langchain.agents import create_agent
from langchain_core.runnables import Runnable
from langgraph.store.memory import InMemoryStore
# InMemoryStore 将数据存储到内存字典中。在生产环境中请使用基于数据库的存储。
store = InMemoryStore()
agent: Runnable = create_agent(
"claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools=[],
store=store,
)
pip install langgraph-checkpoint-postgres
from langchain.agents import create_agent
from langchain_core.runnables import Runnable
from langgraph.store.postgres import PostgresStore # type: ignore[import-not-found]
DB_URI = "postgresql://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/postgres?sslmode=disable"
with PostgresStore.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as store:
store.setup()
agent: Runnable = create_agent(
"claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools=[],
store=store,
)
runtime.store 参数从存储中读取数据或向存储写入数据。具体示例请参阅在工具中读取长期记忆和从工具写入长期记忆。
若需深入了解记忆类型(语义记忆、情景记忆、程序性记忆)及记忆写入策略,请参阅记忆概念指南。
记忆存储
LangGraph 将长期记忆作为 JSON 文档存储在存储中。 每条记忆都组织在自定义的namespace(类似于文件夹)和唯一的 key(类似于文件名)之下。命名空间通常包含用户或组织 ID 或其他便于信息组织的标签。
这种结构支持记忆的层次化组织。跨命名空间的搜索则通过内容过滤器实现。
- InMemoryStore
- PostgreSQL
from collections.abc import Sequence
from langgraph.store.base import IndexConfig
from langgraph.store.memory import InMemoryStore
def embed(texts: Sequence[str]) -> list[list[float]]:
# Replace with an actual embedding function or LangChain embeddings object
return [[1.0, 2.0] for _ in texts]
# InMemoryStore saves data to an in-memory dictionary. Use a DB-backed store in production use.
store = InMemoryStore(index=IndexConfig(embed=embed, dims=2))
user_id = "my-user"
application_context = "chitchat"
namespace = (user_id, application_context)
store.put(
namespace,
"a-memory",
{
"rules": [
"User likes short, direct language",
"User only speaks English & python",
],
"my-key": "my-value",
},
)
# get the "memory" by ID
item = store.get(namespace, "a-memory")
# search for "memories" within this namespace, filtering on content equivalence, sorted by vector similarity
items = store.search(
namespace, filter={"my-key": "my-value"}, query="language preferences"
)
from collections.abc import Sequence
from langgraph.store.base import IndexConfig
from langgraph.store.postgres import PostgresStore # type: ignore[import-not-found]
def embed(texts: Sequence[str]) -> list[list[float]]:
# Replace with an actual embedding function or LangChain embeddings object
return [[1.0, 2.0] for _ in texts]
DB_URI = "postgresql://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/postgres?sslmode=disable"
with PostgresStore.from_conn_string(
DB_URI,
index=IndexConfig(embed=embed, dims=2), # type: ignore[arg-type]
) as store:
store.setup()
user_id = "my-user"
application_context = "chitchat"
namespace = (user_id, application_context)
store.put(
namespace,
"a-memory",
{
"rules": [
"User likes short, direct language",
"User only speaks English & python",
],
"my-key": "my-value",
},
)
item = store.get(namespace, "a-memory")
items = store.search(
namespace, filter={"my-key": "my-value"}, query="language preferences"
)
在工具中读取长期记忆
- InMemoryStore
- PostgreSQL
from dataclasses import dataclass
from langchain.agents import create_agent
from langchain.tools import ToolRuntime, tool
from langchain_core.runnables import Runnable
from langgraph.store.memory import InMemoryStore
@dataclass
class Context:
user_id: str
# InMemoryStore saves data to an in-memory dictionary. Use a DB-backed store in production.
store = InMemoryStore()
# Write sample data to the store using the put method
store.put(
(
"users",
), # Namespace to group related data together (users namespace for user data)
"user_123", # Key within the namespace (user ID as key)
{
"name": "John Smith",
"language": "English",
}, # Data to store for the given user
)
@tool
def get_user_info(runtime: ToolRuntime[Context]) -> str:
"""Look up user info."""
# Access the store - same as that provided to `create_agent`
assert runtime.store is not None
user_id = runtime.context.user_id
# Retrieve data from store - returns StoreValue object with value and metadata
user_info = runtime.store.get(("users",), user_id)
return str(user_info.value) if user_info else "Unknown user"
agent: Runnable = create_agent(
model="claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools=[get_user_info],
# Pass store to agent - enables agent to access store when running tools
store=store,
context_schema=Context,
)
# Run the agent
agent.invoke(
{"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "look up user information"}]},
context=Context(user_id="user_123"),
)
from dataclasses import dataclass
from langchain.agents import create_agent
from langchain.tools import ToolRuntime, tool
from langchain_core.runnables import Runnable
from langgraph.store.postgres import PostgresStore # type: ignore[import-not-found]
@dataclass
class Context:
user_id: str
DB_URI = "postgresql://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/postgres?sslmode=disable"
with PostgresStore.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as store:
store.setup()
store.put(("users",), "user_123", {"name": "John Smith", "language": "English"})
@tool
def get_user_info(runtime: ToolRuntime[Context]) -> str:
"""Look up user info."""
assert runtime.store is not None
user_info = runtime.store.get(("users",), runtime.context.user_id)
return str(user_info.value) if user_info else "Unknown user"
agent: Runnable = create_agent(
"claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools=[get_user_info],
store=store,
context_schema=Context,
)
result = agent.invoke(
{"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "look up user information"}]},
context=Context(user_id="user_123"),
)
从工具写入长期记忆
- InMemoryStore
- PostgreSQL
from dataclasses import dataclass
from langchain.agents import create_agent
from langchain.tools import ToolRuntime, tool
from langchain_core.runnables import Runnable
from langgraph.store.memory import InMemoryStore
from typing_extensions import TypedDict
# InMemoryStore saves data to an in-memory dictionary. Use a DB-backed store in production.
store = InMemoryStore()
@dataclass
class Context:
user_id: str
# TypedDict defines the structure of user information for the LLM
class UserInfo(TypedDict):
name: str
# Tool that allows agent to update user information (useful for chat applications)
@tool
def save_user_info(user_info: UserInfo, runtime: ToolRuntime[Context]) -> str:
"""Save user info."""
# Access the store - same as that provided to `create_agent`
assert runtime.store is not None
store = runtime.store
user_id = runtime.context.user_id
# Store data in the store (namespace, key, data)
store.put(("users",), user_id, dict(user_info))
return "Successfully saved user info."
agent: Runnable = create_agent(
model="claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools=[save_user_info],
store=store,
context_schema=Context,
)
# Run the agent
agent.invoke(
{"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "My name is John Smith"}]},
# user_id passed in context to identify whose information is being updated
context=Context(user_id="user_123"),
)
# You can access the store directly to get the value
item = store.get(("users",), "user_123")
from dataclasses import dataclass
from langchain.agents import create_agent
from langchain.tools import ToolRuntime, tool
from langchain_core.runnables import Runnable
from langgraph.store.postgres import PostgresStore # type: ignore[import-not-found]
from typing_extensions import TypedDict
@dataclass
class Context:
user_id: str
class UserInfo(TypedDict):
name: str
@tool
def save_user_info(user_info: UserInfo, runtime: ToolRuntime[Context]) -> str:
"""Save user info."""
assert runtime.store is not None
runtime.store.put(("users",), runtime.context.user_id, dict(user_info))
return "Successfully saved user info."
DB_URI = "postgresql://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/postgres?sslmode=disable"
with PostgresStore.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as store:
store.setup()
agent: Runnable = create_agent(
"claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools=[save_user_info],
store=store,
context_schema=Context,
)
agent.invoke(
{"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "My name is John Smith"}]},
context=Context(user_id="user_123"),
)
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